Zabbix（server,proxy,agent）安装实战操作讲解

一、概述

Zabbix 是一种开源的监控软件东西，旨在监测和盯梢各种网络服务、服务器和其他 IT 资源的功能和可用性。它用于监测网络设备、服务器硬件、应用程序和其他 IT 基础设施组件的状况。Zabbix 能够监测各种指标，包含 CPU 运用率、内存运用率、磁盘空间、网络流量等等。它支撑多种监控方法，包含 SNMP、JMX、IPMI、SSH 等。Zabbix 还供给了实时监测、历史数据存储、图表和报告生成等功能，以便 IT 运维团队进行功能剖析和毛病排除。由于其灵活性和可扩展性，Zabbix 成为了企业级监控解决方案的主要选择之一。

二、zabbix 装置实战操作

• 操作系统:centos7

• zabbix版本: 4.4

• mysql: 5.7.28

1）zabbix server 装置

rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-config-manager --enable rhel-7-server-optional-rpms
yum install epel-release  numactl
yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-nginx-conf  -y 

留意：假如呈现yum装置不了，则能够修正**/etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo**

[zabbix]
name=Zabbix Official Repository - $basearch
#baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/$basearch/
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
skip_if_unavailable = 1
keepcache = 0
[zabbix-debuginfo]
name=Zabbix Official Repository debuginfo - $basearch
baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/$basearch/debuginfo/
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
gpgcheck=1

2）mysql 装置

1、前期准备

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /app/
cd /app/
mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
mkdir /app/mysql/{data,logs}
groupadd mysql
useradd -g  mysql mysql
chown mysql:mysql /app/mysql -R

2、装备mysql 装备文件

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8
# 装备账号暗码、ip;完成命令行直接"免暗码"登录
[mysql]
host=192.168.182.132user=zabbixpassword=zabbix[mysqladmin]host=192.168.182.132user=zabbixpassword=zabbix
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /app/mysql
datadir = /app/mysql/data
pid-file = /app/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8
log_timestamps=SYSTEM
skip-name-resolve
back_log = 300
max_connections = 613
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 256
max_allowed_packet = 500M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 16M
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 16M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
log_bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_days = 7
log_error = /app/mysql/logs/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /app/mysql/logs/mysql-slow.log
performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
skip-external-locking
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 500M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

3、数据库初始化

cd /app/mysql/
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/app/mysql/data --innodb_undo_tablespaces=3 --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
登录的临时暗码在error文件中（/app/mysql/logs/mysql-error.log）
##
porary password is generated for root@localhost: Jm=%mM7w)UBq
##
cp -a /app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
echo "export PATH=/app/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
# 发动mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql start
# 运用日志中的临时暗码（Jm=%mM7w)UBq）登录mysql
mysql -u root -p
# 设置root暗码：
mysql>set password for root@localhost = password('root');
# 创立zabbix库：
create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
# 授权：
grant all privileges on *.* to zabbix@'%' identified by 'zabbix';
# 改写权限
flush privileges;
# 导入数据到zabbix
zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz |  mysql -uroot -p  zabbix

3）装备zabbix_server

1、修正装备

# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/app/zabbix/logs/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix
DBHost=192.168.182.132
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock
SNMPTrapperFile=/app/zabbix/logs/snmptrap/snmptrap.log
Timeout=4
AlertScriptsPath=/app/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/app/zabbix/externalscripts
LogSlowQueries=3000
StatsAllowedIP=127.0.0.1

2、创立相关目录

mkdir -p /app/zabbix/logs/snmptrap
mkdir /app/zabbix/{alertscripts,externalscripts}
chown zabbix:zabbix /app/zabbix/ -R

3、修正时区

# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
# 增加/修正装备：
php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai

4、发动apache

systemctl start httpd.service

5、发动php

systemctl start php-fpm.service

6、发动zabbix server

systemctl start zabbix-server.service
# 访问： http:ip/zabbix  
# 留意：第一次登录填写mysql衔接信息时候地址需求填0.0.0.0

三、修正字体

# 上传windows中的字体MSYH.TTC(微软雅黑) 到/home/wwwroot/default/zabbix/fonts目录
ln -s /home/wwwroot/default/zabbix/fonts/MSYH.TTC /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font

四、装置graphtree插件（可选）

# graphtree是一个图形展现插件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OneOaaS/graphtrees/master/graphtree3.0.4.patch
yum install -y patch
cp -a /usr/share/zabbix /usr/share/zabbix.bak
mv graphtree3.0.4.patch /usr/share/zabbix/
cd /usr/share/zabbix
patch  -Np0 <graphtree3.0.4.patch
chown apache:apache oneoaas -R
#增加装备：vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
Alias /oneoaas /usr/share/zabbix/oneoaas
# 重启服务
systemctl restart httpd.service zabbix-server.service

五、装置 zabbix-proxy 详解进程

1）通过 yum 装置 zabbix-proxy

1、装置 zabbix-proxy 和 zabbix-agent

rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
yum clean all
# 先查找zabbix-proxy,yum search zabbix-proxy
yum install zabbix-proxy-mysql.x86_64 zabbix-agent.x86_64

【问题】假如呈现如下过错

Error: Package: zabbix-proxy-mysql-4.4.3-1.el7.x86_64 (zabbix)
           Requires: fping
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

【解决】依据过错提示，需求装置fping命令这个依赖，在进行yum装置之后显示该装置包不存在，因而进行推测应该是epel源装备呈现问题，因而在阿里源中装备epel源

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache
# 再履行
yum install zabbix-proxy-mysql.x86_64 zabbix-agent.x86_64

2、创立 zabbix_proxy 库

create database zabbix_proxy character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
# 授权：
grant all privileges on zabbix_proxy.* to zabbix@'%' identified by 'zabbix';
# 改写权限
flush privileges;
# 布置mysql 过程和在zabbix server中布置相同，区别在导入数据时候不相同：
# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-proxy-mysql*/schema.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -p zabbix_proxy

3、修正zabbix-proxy装备

# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf
Server=192.168.182.132            # 真正的服务端(zabbix server)
ServerPort=10051                  # 依据个人需求修正，一般能够不改，默许端口是10051，要完成转发的话运用这个选项(zabbix server)
ListenPort=10051                  # zabbix-proxy服务监听的端口，默许就好
Hostname=Zabbix proxy             # proxy的hostname，在web端网页装备时需求用到
DBHost=192.168.182.130            # 数据库，运用本地，也能够运用ip，我喜欢运用localhost，由于我授权便是本地，也由于装备ip失败踩过坑
DBName=zabbix_proxy               # 数据库名称，创立zabbix-proxy的mysql的数据库名称
DBUser=zabbix                     # 用户
DBPassword=zabbix                 # 暗码
DBPort=3306                       # 当DBHost填写localhost时，默许是运用socket通讯的，这儿装备一下也无碍
#HeartbeatFrequency=60            # 心跳线（具体效果网了，看装备文件吧，这个默许便是60）
ConfigFrequency=600               # 这个好像是同步装备文件的时间
DataSenderFrequency=1             # 这个是proxy端向server端发送数据的时间，单位是秒，简直等于实时同步

4、发动 zabbix-proxy

systemctl start zabbix-proxy.service

2）通过源码装置 zabbix-proxy

yum -y install curl-devel libevent-devel   libevent curl  libxml2-devel libxml2  pcre pcre-devel
yum install mysql-devel  -y
yum install -y net-snmp-devel
# 编译装置zabbix proxy：
wget https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/4.4.0/zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
cd zabbix-4.4.0
# proxy：
./configure --prefix=/app/zabbix_proxy_4.4   --enable-proxy  --with-mysql   --with-libcurl --with-libxml2  --enable-ipv6 --with-net-snmp --with-openssl
ln -s /app/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.20
# 发动:
/app/zabbix_proxy_4.4/sbin/zabbix_proxy -c /app/zabbix_proxy_4.4/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf

六、通过 web 端装备代理

创立代理

装备代理信息

增加主机时选择代理

假如呈现如下图，则zabbix server不能与zabbix proxy正常通讯

正常通讯如图：

七、zabbix-agent 装置

被监控的机器上有必要装置 zabbix-agent，通过 zabbix-agent 与zabbix-proxy或许zabbix-server通讯

1）yum 装置 zabbix-agent

# 增加yum源rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
# 装置yum install zabbix-agent# 发动
service zabbix-agent start

2）源码装置 zabbix-agent

yum -y install curl-devel libevent-devel   libevent curl  libxml2-devel libxml2  pcre pcre-devel
yum install mysql-devel  -y
yum install -y net-snmp-devel
# 编译装置zabbix客户端：
wget https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/4.4.0/zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zabbix-4.4.0.tar.gz
cd zabbix-4.4.0
# agent：
./configure --prefix=/app/zabbix_agent_4.4   --enable-agent  --enable-ipv6 --with-net-snmp --with-openssl
# 发动：
/app/zabbix_agent_4.4/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /app/zabbix_agent_4.4/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

3）修正装备(/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf)

Server=[zabbix server/zabbix proxy ip]
ServerActive=[zabbix server/zabbix proxy ip]
Hostname=[ Hostname of client system ]# 例：Server=192.168.182.130ServerActive=192.168.182.130Hostname=192.168.182.129

4）装置 zabbix-get，并测验agent端是否server端连通

# 装置
yum install -y zabbix-get
# 在服务端测验（192.168.182.132），-s --host:agent端ip；-p,--port:端口；-k,--key：监控项key
zabbix_get -s 192.168.182.130 -p 10050 -k system.hostname
# zabbix server与zabbix proxy的装备的同步是有延时的，假如需求立即同步能够手动履行命令:
zabbix_proxy -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf  -R config_cache_reload

zabbix 详细布置进程就先到这儿了，有任何疑问欢迎给我留言或私信哦，也可重视我的大众号【大数据与云原生技术共享】加群沟通哦~