作者:京东零售 邓立兵
简介
这是一个计算根据Swift & Objective-C
工程的代码覆盖率的主动化脚本。之所以做成 Pod ,是便于更好的复用,该 Pod 只包含了收集生成代码覆盖率的脚本。整体比较简略便利。
这儿只讲流程,咱不讲原理。后续别的介绍
使用
1、装置:
经过CocoaPods进行装置,在你的 Podfile 文件增加如下代码:
pod 'HDCoverage'
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然后pod install
装置下载相关脚本文件。
2、关联脚本:
在项目的Xcode
的Build Phases
增加新的脚本(New Run Script Phase
)(App在Build会履行该脚本):
"${PODS_ROOT}/HDCoverage/HDCoverage/hd_coverage_env.sh"
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3、工程装备代码覆盖率参数:
这儿本来是在HDCoverage
有脚本支持的,可是根据对哪些模块(Pod作为独立模版)进行代码覆盖率,所以主张在Podfile
自主增加如下代码灵敏办理,具体阐明如下:
# 完成post_install Hooks
# 需求收集Code Coverage的模块
ntargets = Array['AFNetworking']
require 'xcodeproj'
post_install do |installer|
# 修正Pods中某一个模块的装备文件,好收集代码覆盖率,需求源码!
installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
target.build_configurations.each do |config|
if(config.name <=> 'Release') == 0
config.build_settings['OTHER_CFLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
config.build_settings['OTHER_SWIFT_FLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
config.build_settings['OTHER_LDFLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
ntargets.each do |ntarget|
if(ntarget <=> target.name) == 0
config.build_settings['OTHER_CFLAGS'] = '$(inherited) -fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping'
config.build_settings['OTHER_SWIFT_FLAGS'] = '$(inherited) -profile-generate -profile-coverage-mapping'
config.build_settings['OTHER_LDFLAGS'] = '$(inherited) -fprofile-instr-generate'
break
end
end
else
config.build_settings['OTHER_CFLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
config.build_settings['OTHER_SWIFT_FLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
config.build_settings['OTHER_LDFLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
end
end
end
# 修正主工程
project_path = './HDCoverage.xcodeproj'
project = Xcodeproj::Project.open(project_path)
puts project
project.targets.each do |target|
if(target.name <=> 'HDCoverageDemo') == 0
target.build_configurations.each do |config|
if ((config.name <=> 'Release') == 0 || (config.name <=> 'Debug') == 0)
# 设置预编译变量CODECOVERAGE
config.build_settings['GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS'] = '$(inherited) CODECOVERAGE=1'
# OC代码覆盖率插桩装备
config.build_settings['OTHER_CFLAGS'] = '$(inherited) -fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping'
# Swift代码覆盖率插桩装备
config.build_settings['OTHER_SWIFT_FLAGS'] = '$(inherited) -profile-generate -profile-coverage-mapping'
# 收集代码覆盖率装备
config.build_settings['OTHER_LDFLAGS'] = '$(inherited) -fprofile-instr-generate'
# Release需求设置,否则无法解析代码覆盖率
config.build_settings['SWIFT_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL'] = '-Onone'
else
config.build_settings['OTHER_CFLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
config.build_settings['OTHER_SWIFT_FLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
config.build_settings['OTHER_LDFLAGS'] = '$(inherited)'
config.build_settings['SWIFT_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL'] = ''
end
end
end
end
project.save()
end
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4、代码履行数据收集:
使用GCC
无法满足 同时兼容Swift
和Objective-C
,所以这儿是根据LLVM
进行,官网文档。也能够参阅笔者翻译的Source-based Code Coverage,完好具体的教程能够看Source-based Code Coverage for Swift Step by Step。
4.1、首先在工程中声明LLVM
几个要害的函数:
#ifndef PROFILE_INSTRPROFILING_H_
#define PROFILE_INSTRPROFILING_H_
// https://clang.llvm.org/docs/SourceBasedCodeCoverage.html
int __llvm_profile_runtime = 0;
void __llvm_profile_initialize_file(void);
const char *__llvm_profile_get_filename(void);
void __llvm_profile_set_filename(const char *);
int __llvm_profile_write_file(void);
int __llvm_profile_register_write_file_atexit(void);
const char *__llvm_profile_get_path_prefix(void);
#endif /* PROFILE_INSTRPROFILING_H_ */
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4.2、再次封装代码覆盖率相关API,便于上层更好使用(主张):
class HDCoverageTools: NSObject {
static var shared = HDCoverageTools()
// 留意:动态库是需求单独注册,并且需求在动态库中履行__llvm_profile_write_file()
//
func registerCoverage(moduleName: String) {
let name = "(moduleName).profraw"
print("registerCoverage, moduleName: (moduleName)")
let fileManager = FileManager.default
do {
let documentDirectory = try fileManager.url(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask, appropriateFor:nil, create:false)
let filePath: NSString = documentDirectory.appendingPathComponent(name).path as NSString
print("HDCoverageGather filePath: (filePath)")
__llvm_profile_set_filename(filePath.utf8String)
} catch {
print(error)
}
saveAndUpload()
}
// 合适的机遇代码覆盖率上报
func saveAndUpload() {
__llvm_profile_write_file()
}
}
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4.3、发动时间,注册代码覆盖率API:
func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
HDCoverageTools.shared.registerCoverage(moduleName: "HDCoverageDemo")
return true
}
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4.4、在合适的时间(按照大家的业务场景)将覆盖率数据写入拟定的路径:
func sceneDidEnterBackground(_ scene: UIScene) {
// 笔者这儿测验,是在App进入后台后写入
DispatchQueue.global().asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 0.1) { [self] in
HDCoverageTools.shared.saveAndUpload()
}
}
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5、测验以便生成覆盖率数据:
以本工程的demo为例阐明
5.1、在运行成功后,Finder
会主动弹出如下目录:
这儿是在项目主工程生成CoverageResult
目录,并且将生成代码覆盖率可视化的脚本hd_parse_profraw.sh
仿制到这儿,将 项目HDCoverageDemo.app
仿制过来,主要是获取其Mach-O
:
$ tree -L 2
.
├── MachOFiles
│ └── HDCoverageDemo.app
├── Profraw
└── hd_parse_profraw.sh
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5.2、履行测验用例,这儿我分别点击了:"主工程(OC)-Case1/Case2"、"主工程(Swift)-Case2/Case3"、"Framework(OC)-Case1/Case2"、"FrameworkSwift)-Case2/Case3"
后,App退到后台
5.3、查看控制台,能够看到 profraw 文件:
registerCoverage, moduleName: HDCoverageDemo
HDCoverageGather filePath: /Users/denglibing/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Devices/5D01D4AA-40AE-4FC6-845C-391A94828EE3/data/Containers/Data/Application/283906A5-1681-44A5-8522-126D29D2F148/Documents/HDCoverageDemo.profraw
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将HDCoverageDemo.profraw
仿制到CoverageResult/Profraw
目录中;
5.4、履行hd_parse_profraw.sh
脚本:
$ tree -L 2
.
├── MachOFiles
│ └── HDCoverageDemo.app
├── Profraw
│ └── HDCoverageDemo.profraw
└── hd_parse_profraw.sh
$ sh hd_parse_profraw.sh
CoverageResult: /Users/denglibing/HDProject/iOSProject/SProject/hdcoverage/Example/CoverageResult/CoverageResult
machOFiles: /Users/denglibing/HDProject/iOSProject/SProject/hdcoverage/Example/CoverageResult/MachOFiles
/Users/denglibing/HDProject/iOSProject/SProject/hdcoverage/Example/CoverageResult/CoverageResult 不存在,现已创建
disposeProfrawFiles profraws: /Users/denglibing/HDProject/iOSProject/SProject/hdcoverage/Example/CoverageResult/Profraw
disposeProfrawFiles profraw file: HDCoverageDemo.profraw
===================================
findMachOFileName: HDCoverageDemo
findMachOFilePath: /Users/denglibing/HDProject/iOSProject/SProject/hdcoverage/Example/CoverageResult/MachOFiles/HDCoverageDemo.app/HDCoverageDemo
===================================
disposeProfrawToHtml, machoFileName: HDCoverageDemo machOFilePath: /Users/denglibing/HDProject/iOSProject/SProject/hdcoverage/Example/CoverageResult/MachOFiles/HDCoverageDemo.app/HDCoverageDemo
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履行成功后将主动将可视化的代码覆盖率目录翻开:
$ tree -L 3
.
├── CoverageResult
│ └── HDCoverageDemo
│ ├── coverage
│ ├── index.html
│ └── style.css
├── MachOFiles
│ └── HDCoverageDemo.app
│ ├── Base.lproj
│ ├── Frameworks
│ ├── HDCoverageDemo
│ ├── Info.plist
│ ├── PkgInfo
│ └── _CodeSignature
├── Profraw
│ ├── HDCoverageDemo.profdata
│ └── HDCoverageDemo.profraw
└── hd_parse_profraw.sh
9 directories, 8 files
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5.5、查看:翻开CoverageResult/HDCoverageDemo/index.html
即可得到本次测验的代码覆盖率情况:
点击某一个Filename区域
能够查看概况,例如点击HDOCFramework.m
:
能够看出,tag == 3
的代码行数并没有履行到,这正和上面测验的"Framework(OC)-Case1/Case2"
契合。
小结
全量代码覆盖率能够帮助开发者聚焦变化代码的逻辑缺点,从而更好地防止线上问题。这儿更多的是讲述根据Swift & Objective-C
工程的全量代码覆盖率的计划,没有原理,只有简略的流程。半途测验过多个计划,最终依托Cocoapods
才能将主动化脚本赋能出去。
可是实际开发进程,不可能每次都去重视 全量代码覆盖率,下一篇持续介绍:iOS代码覆盖率(二)-增量覆盖率主动化实践
Demo及脚本源码地址,欢迎指导+Star
参阅
Source-based Code Coverage for Swift Step by Step: 非常具体的Swift代码覆盖率教程,受益匪浅。
iOS 根据非Case的Code Coverage系统建立: 根据对OC项目的代码覆盖率介绍,供给了脚本化思路,收益匪浅。
llvm-profdata – Profile data tool: 用于处理生成profdata指令
Source-based Code Coverage:llvm官网根据源码对Swift和OC进行代码覆盖率
Source-based Code Coverage 中文版:llvm官网根据源码对Swift和OC进行代码覆盖率-笔者翻译(轻喷)
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