前言
Slider 控件是一种答应用户从一系列值中挑选一个值的 UI 控件。在 SwiftUI 中,它通常呈现为直线上的拇指挑选器。有时将这种类型的挑选器呈现为一个圆圈,拇指绕着圆周移动可能会更好。本文介绍如安在 SwiftUI 中界说一个环形的 Slider。
初始化环形概括
从ZStack
中的三个圆环开始。一个灰色的圆环代表滑块的途径概括,一个淡红色的圆弧代表沿着圆环的进展,一个圆圈代表当时光标或拇指的方位。将滑块的范围设置为0.0到1.0,并硬编码一个直径和一个的当时方位进展 – 0.33。
struct CircularSliderView1: View {
let progress = 0.33
let ringDiameter = 300.0
private var rotationAngle: Angle {
return Angle(degrees: (360.0 * progress))
}
var body: some View {
VStack {
ZStack {
Circle()
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.0, brightness: 0.9), lineWidth: 20.0)
Circle()
.trim(from: 0, to: progress)
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.5, brightness: 0.9),
style: StrokeStyle(lineWidth: 20.0, lineCap: .round)
)
.rotationEffect(Angle(degrees: -90))
Circle()
.fill(Color.white)
.frame(width: 21, height: 21)
.offset(y: -ringDiameter / 2.0)
.rotationEffect(rotationAngle)
}
.frame(width: ringDiameter, height: ringDiameter)
Spacer()
}
.padding(80)
}
}
将进展值和拇指方位绑定
将进展变量更改为状态变量并添加默许 Slider。这个 Slider 用于修改进展值,并在圆形滑块上实现满足的代码以使拇指和进展弧呼应。当时值显现在环形 Slider 的中心。
struct CircularSliderView2: View {
@State var progress = 0.33
let ringDiameter = 300.0
private var rotationAngle: Angle {
return Angle(degrees: (360.0 * progress))
}
var body: some View {
ZStack {
Color(hue: 0.58, saturation: 0.04, brightness: 1.0)
.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
VStack {
ZStack {
Circle()
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.0, brightness: 0.9), lineWidth: 20.0)
.overlay() {
Text("\(progress, specifier: "%.1f")")
.font(.system(size: 78, weight: .bold, design:.rounded))
}
Circle()
.trim(from: 0, to: progress)
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.5, brightness: 0.9),
style: StrokeStyle(lineWidth: 20.0, lineCap: .round)
)
.rotationEffect(Angle(degrees: -90))
Circle()
.fill(Color.white)
.shadow(radius: 3)
.frame(width: 21, height: 21)
.offset(y: -ringDiameter / 2.0)
.rotationEffect(rotationAngle)
}
.frame(width: ringDiameter, height: ringDiameter)
VStack {
Text("Progress: \(progress, specifier: "%.1f")")
Slider(value: $progress,
in: 0...1,
minimumValueLabel: Text("0.0"),
maximumValueLabel: Text("1.0")
) {}
}
.padding(.vertical, 40)
Spacer()
}
.padding(.vertical, 40)
.padding()
}
}
}
添加接触手势
DragGesture 被添加到滑块圆圈,而且运用临时文本视图显现拖动手势的当时方位。能够看到 x 和 y 坐标围绕包含环形 Slider 的方位中心的改变情况。
struct CircularSliderView3: View {
@State var progress = 0.33
let ringDiameter = 300.0
@State var loc = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0)
private var rotationAngle: Angle {
return Angle(degrees: (360.0 * progress))
}
private func changeAngle(location: CGPoint) {
loc = location
}
var body: some View {
ZStack {
Color(hue: 0.58, saturation: 0.04, brightness: 1.0)
.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
VStack {
ZStack {
Circle()
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.0, brightness: 0.9), lineWidth: 20.0)
.overlay() {
Text("\(progress, specifier: "%.1f")")
.font(.system(size: 78, weight: .bold, design:.rounded))
}
Circle()
.trim(from: 0, to: progress)
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.5, brightness: 0.9),
style: StrokeStyle(lineWidth: 20.0, lineCap: .round)
)
.rotationEffect(Angle(degrees: -90))
Circle()
.fill(Color.blue)
.shadow(radius: 3)
.frame(width: 21, height: 21)
.offset(y: -ringDiameter / 2.0)
.rotationEffect(rotationAngle)
.gesture(
DragGesture(minimumDistance: 0.0)
.onChanged() { value in
changeAngle(location: value.location)
}
)
}
.frame(width: ringDiameter, height: ringDiameter)
Spacer().frame(height:50)
Text("Location = (\(loc.x, specifier: "%.1f"), \(loc.y, specifier: "%.1f"))")
Spacer()
}
.padding(.vertical, 40)
.padding()
}
}
}
为不同的坐标值设置滑块方位
圆形滑块上有两个表示进展的值,用于显现进展弧度的progress
值和用于显现滑块光标的rotationAngle
。应该只有一个特点来保存滑块进展。视图被提取到一个单独的结构中,该结构具有圆形滑块上进展的一个绑定值。
滑块的range
的可选参数也是可用的。这需要对进展进行一些调整,以核算已设置的视点以及拇指在圆形滑块上方位的旋转视点。别的调用onAppear
根据View
呈现前的进展值核算旋转视点。
struct CircularSliderView: View {
@Binding var progress: Double
@State private var rotationAngle = Angle(degrees: 0)
private var minValue = 0.0
private var maxValue = 1.0
init(value progress: Binding<Double>, in bounds: ClosedRange<Int> = 0...1) {
self._progress = progress
self.minValue = Double(bounds.first ?? 0)
self.maxValue = Double(bounds.last ?? 1)
self.rotationAngle = Angle(degrees: progressFraction * 360.0)
}
private var progressFraction: Double {
return ((progress - minValue) / (maxValue - minValue))
}
private func changeAngle(location: CGPoint) {
// 为方位创立一个向量(在 iOS 上反转 y 坐标系统)
let vector = CGVector(dx: location.x, dy: -location.y)
// 核算向量的视点
let angleRadians = atan2(vector.dx, vector.dy)
// 将视点转换为 0 到 360 的范围(而不是负视点)
let positiveAngle = angleRadians < 0.0 ? angleRadians + (2.0 * .pi) : angleRadians
// 根据视点更新滑块进展值
progress = ((positiveAngle / (2.0 * .pi)) * (maxValue - minValue)) + minValue
rotationAngle = Angle(radians: positiveAngle)
}
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { gr in
let radius = (min(gr.size.width, gr.size.height) / 2.0) * 0.9
let sliderWidth = radius * 0.1
VStack(spacing:0) {
ZStack {
Circle()
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.0, brightness: 0.9),
style: StrokeStyle(lineWidth: sliderWidth))
.overlay() {
Text("\(progress, specifier: "%.1f")")
.font(.system(size: radius * 0.7, weight: .bold, design:.rounded))
}
// 撤销注释以显现刻度线
//Circle()
// .stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.0, brightness: 0.6),
// style: StrokeStyle(lineWidth: sliderWidth * 0.75,
// dash: [2, (2 * .pi * radius)/24 - 2]))
// .rotationEffect(Angle(degrees: -90))
Circle()
.trim(from: 0, to: progressFraction)
.stroke(Color(hue: 0.0, saturation: 0.5, brightness: 0.9),
style: StrokeStyle(lineWidth: sliderWidth, lineCap: .round)
)
.rotationEffect(Angle(degrees: -90))
Circle()
.fill(Color.white)
.shadow(radius: (sliderWidth * 0.3))
.frame(width: sliderWidth, height: sliderWidth)
.offset(y: -radius)
.rotationEffect(rotationAngle)
.gesture(
DragGesture(minimumDistance: 0.0)
.onChanged() { value in
changeAngle(location: value.location)
}
)
}
.frame(width: radius * 2.0, height: radius * 2.0, alignment: .center)
.padding(radius * 0.1)
}
.onAppear {
self.rotationAngle = Angle(degrees: progressFraction * 360.0)
}
}
}
}
CircularSliderView
的三种不同视图被添加到View中以测试和演示 Circular Slider 视图的不同功能。
struct CircularSliderView5: View {
@State var progress1 = 0.75
@State var progress2 = 37.5
@State var progress3 = 7.5
var body: some View {
ZStack {
Color(hue: 0.58, saturation: 0.06, brightness: 1.0)
.edgesIgnoringSafeArea(.all)
VStack {
CircularSliderView(value: $progress1)
.frame(width:250, height: 250)
HStack {
CircularSliderView(value: $progress2, in: 1...10)
CircularSliderView(value: $progress3, in: 0...100)
}
Spacer()
}
.padding()
}
}
}
总结
本文展示了怎么界说呼应拖动手势的圆环滑块控件。能够设置滑块视图的大小,而且滑块按预期作业。能够向控件添加更多参数以设置颜色或圆环内显现的值的格式。
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