项目中经常用到echarts，不做封装直接拿来运用也行，但不可防止要写很多重复的装备代码，封装稍不留意又会过度封装，丢掉了扩展性和可读性。一直没有找到一个好的实践，偶然看到一篇文章，给了灵感。找到了一个现在以为用起来很舒服的封装。

思路

  1. 结合项目需求，针对不同类型的图表，装备根底的默许通用装备，例如x/y，label，图例等的款式
  2. 创立图表组件实例（不要运用id,简单重复，还需要操作dom，直接用ref获取当时组件的el来创立图表），供给type(图表类型)，和options(图表装备)两个必要特点
  3. 依据传入type，加载默许的图表装备
  4. 深度监听传入的options，改变时更新掩盖默许装备，更新图表
  5. 供给事情支撑，支撑echart事情按需绑定交互

留意要确保一切传入图表组件的options数组都是shallowReactive类型，防止数组量过大，深度呼应式导致功能问题

目录结构

├─v-charts
│  │  index.ts     // 导出类型界说以及图表组件方便运用
│  │  type.d.ts    // 各种图表的类型界说
│  │  useCharts.ts // 图表hooks
│  │  v-charts.vue // echarts图表组件
│  │
│  └─options // 图表装备文件
│          bar.ts
│          gauge.ts
│          pie.ts

组件代码

v-charts.vue

<template>
  <div class="v-charts" ref="chartRef" />
</template>
<script lang="ts" setup>
import { PropType } from "vue";
import * as echarts from "echarts/core";
import { useCharts, ChartType, ChartsEvents } from "./useCharts";
/**
 * echarts事情类型
 * 到现在，vue3类型声明参数有必要是以下内容之一，暂不支撑外部引入类型参数
 * 1. 类型字面量
 * 2. 在同一文件中的接口或类型字面量的引用
 * // 文档中有说明：https://cn.vuejs.org/api/sfc-script-setup.html#typescript-only-features
 */
interface EventEmitsType {
  <T extends ChartsEvents.EventType>(e: `${T}`, event: ChartsEvents.Events[Uncapitalize<T>]): void;
}
defineOptions({
  name: "VCharts"
});
const props = defineProps({
  type: {
    type: String as PropType<ChartType>,
    default: "bar"
  },
  options: {
    type: Object as PropType<echarts.EChartsCoreOption>,
    default: () => ({})
  }
});
// 界说事情，供给ts支撑，在组件运用时可获得友好提示
defineEmits<EventEmitsType>();
const { type, options } = toRefs(props);
const chartRef = shallowRef();
const { charts, setOptions, initChart } = useCharts({ type, el: chartRef });
onMounted(async () => {
  await initChart();
  setOptions(options.value);
});
watch(
  options,
  () => {
    setOptions(options.value);
  },
  {
    deep: true
  }
);
defineExpose({
  $charts: charts
});
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.v-charts {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 200px;
}
</style>

useCharts.ts

import { ChartType } from "./type";
import * as echarts from "echarts/core";
import { ShallowRef, Ref } from "vue";
import {
  TitleComponent,
  LegendComponent,
  TooltipComponent,
  GridComponent,
  DatasetComponent,
  TransformComponent
} from "echarts/components";
import { BarChart, LineChart, PieChart, GaugeChart } from "echarts/charts";
import { LabelLayout, UniversalTransition } from "echarts/features";
import { CanvasRenderer } from "echarts/renderers";
const optionsModules = import.meta.glob<{ default: echarts.EChartsCoreOption }>("./options/**.ts");
interface ChartHookOption {
  type?: Ref<ChartType>;
  el: ShallowRef<HTMLElement>;
}
/**
 *  视口改变时echart图表自适应调整
 */
class ChartsResize {
  #charts = new Set<echarts.ECharts>(); // 缓存现已创立的图表实例
  #timeId = null;
  constructor() {
    window.addEventListener("resize", this.handleResize.bind(this)); // 视口改变时调整图表
  }
  getCharts() {
    return [...this.#charts];
  }
  handleResize() {
    clearTimeout(this.#timeId);
    this.#timeId = setTimeout(() => {
      this.#charts.forEach(chart => {
        chart.resize();
      });
    }, 500);
  }
  add(chart: echarts.ECharts) {
    this.#charts.add(chart);
  }
  remove(chart: echarts.ECharts) {
    this.#charts.delete(chart);
  }
  removeListener() {
    window.removeEventListener("resize", this.handleResize);
  }
}
export const chartsResize = new ChartsResize();
export const useCharts = ({ type, el }: ChartHookOption) => {
  echarts.use([
    BarChart,
    LineChart,
    BarChart,
    PieChart,
    GaugeChart,
    TitleComponent,
    LegendComponent,
    TooltipComponent,
    GridComponent,
    DatasetComponent,
    TransformComponent,
    LabelLayout,
    UniversalTransition,
    CanvasRenderer
  ]);
  const charts = shallowRef<echarts.ECharts>();
  let options!: echarts.EChartsCoreOption;
  const getOptions = async () => {
    const moduleKey = `./options/${type.value}.ts`;
    const { default: defaultOption } = await optionsModules[moduleKey]();
    return defaultOption;
  };
  const setOptions = (opt: echarts.EChartsCoreOption) => {
    charts.value.setOption(opt);
  };
  const initChart = async () => {
    charts.value = echarts.init(el.value);
    options = await getOptions();
    charts.value.setOption(options);
    chartsResize.add(charts.value); // 将图表实例增加到缓存中
    initEvent(); // 增加事情支撑
  };
  /**
   * 初始化事情,按需绑定事情
   */
  const attrs = useAttrs();
  const initEvent = () => {
    Object.keys(attrs).forEach(attrKey => {
      if (/^on/.test(attrKey)) {
        const cb = attrs[attrKey];
        attrKey = attrKey.replace(/^on(Chart)?/, "");
        attrKey = `${attrKey[0]}${attrKey.substring(1)}`;
        typeof cb === "function" && charts.value?.on(attrKey, cb as () => void);
      }
    });
  };
  onBeforeUnmount(() => {
    chartsResize.remove(charts.value); // 移除缓存
  });
  return {
    charts,
    setOptions,
    initChart,
    initEvent
  };
};
export const chartsOptions = <T extends echarts.EChartsCoreOption>(option: T) => shallowReactive<T>(option);
export * from "./type.d";

type.d.ts


/*
 * @Description:
 * @Version: 2.0
 * @Autor: GC
 * @Date: 2022-03-02 10:21:33
 * @LastEditors: GC
 * @LastEditTime: 2022-06-02 17:45:48
 */
// import * as echarts from 'echarts/core';
import * as echarts from 'echarts'
import { XAXisComponentOption, YAXisComponentOption } from 'echarts';
import { ECElementEvent, SelectChangedPayload, HighlightPayload,  } from 'echarts/types/src/util/types'
import {
  TitleComponentOption,
  TooltipComponentOption,
  GridComponentOption,
  DatasetComponentOption,
  AriaComponentOption,
  AxisPointerComponentOption,
  LegendComponentOption,
} from 'echarts/components';// 组件
import {
  // 系列类型的界说后缀都为 SeriesOption
  BarSeriesOption,
  LineSeriesOption,
  PieSeriesOption,
  FunnelSeriesOption,
  GaugeSeriesOption
} from 'echarts/charts';
type Options = LineECOption | BarECOption | PieECOption | FunnelOption
type BaseOptionType = XAXisComponentOption | YAXisComponentOption | TitleComponentOption | TooltipComponentOption | LegendComponentOption | GridComponentOption
type BaseOption = echarts.ComposeOption<BaseOptionType>
type LineECOption = echarts.ComposeOption<LineSeriesOption | BaseOptionType>
type BarECOption = echarts.ComposeOption<BarSeriesOption | BaseOptionType>
type PieECOption = echarts.ComposeOption<PieSeriesOption | BaseOptionType>
type FunnelOption = echarts.ComposeOption<FunnelSeriesOption | BaseOptionType>
type GaugeECOption = echarts.ComposeOption<GaugeSeriesOption | GridComponentOption>
type EChartsOption = echarts.EChartsOption;
type ChartType = 'bar' | 'line' | 'pie' | 'gauge'
// echarts事情
namespace ChartsEvents {
  // 鼠标事情类型
  type MouseEventType = 'click' | 'dblclick' | 'mousedown' | 'mousemove' | 'mouseup' | 'mouseover' | 'mouseout' | 'globalout' | 'contextmenu' // 鼠标事情类型
  type MouseEvents = {
    [key in Exclude<MouseEventType,'globalout'|'contextmenu'> as `chart${Capitalize<key>}`] :ECElementEvent
  }
  // 其他的事情类型极参数
  interface Events extends MouseEvents {
    globalout:ECElementEvent,
    contextmenu:ECElementEvent,
    selectchanged: SelectChangedPayload;
    highlight: HighlightPayload;
    legendselected: { // 图例选中后的事情
      type: 'legendselected',
      // 选中的图例名称
      name: string
      // 一切图例的选中状态表
      selected: {
        [name: string]: boolean
      }
    };
    // ... 其他类型的事情在这里界说
  }
  // echarts一切的事情类型
  type EventType = keyof Events
}
export {
  BaseOption,
  ChartType,
  LineECOption,
  BarECOption,
  Options,
  PieECOption,
  FunnelOption,
  GaugeECOption,
  EChartsOption,
  ChartsEvents
}

options/bar.ts

import { BarECOption } from "../type";
const options: BarECOption = {
  legend: {},
  tooltip: {},
  xAxis: {
    type: "category",
    axisLine: {
      lineStyle: {
        // type: "dashed",
        color: "#C8D0D7"
      }
    },
    axisTick: {
      show: false
    },
    axisLabel: {
      color: "#7D8292"
    }
  },
  yAxis: {
    type: "value",
    alignTicks: true,
    splitLine: {
      show: true,
      lineStyle: {
        color: "#C8D0D7",
        type: "dashed"
      }
    },
    axisLine: {
      lineStyle: {
        color: "#7D8292"
      }
    }
  },
  grid: {
    left: 60,
    bottom: "8%",
    top: "20%"
  },
  series: [
    {
      type: "bar",
      barWidth: 20,
      itemStyle: {
        color: {
          type: "linear",
          x: 0,
          x2: 0,
          y: 0,
          y2: 1,
          colorStops: [
            {
              offset: 0,
              color: "#62A5FF" // 0% 处的色彩
            },
            {
              offset: 1,
              color: "#3365FF" // 100% 处的色彩
            }
          ]
        }
      }
      // label: {
      //   show: true,
      //   position: "top"
      // }
    }
  ]
};
export default options;

项目中运用

index.vue

<template>
  <div class="home">
    <section class="bottom">
      <div class="device-statistics chart-box">
        <div class="title">累计设备接入计算</div>
        <v-charts
          type="bar"
          :options="statisDeviceByUserObjectOpts"
          @selectchanged="selectchanged"
          @chart-click="handleChartClick"
        />
      </div>
      <div class="coordinate-statistics chart-box">
        <div class="title">坐标数据接入计算</div>
        <v-charts type="bar" :options="statisCoordAccess" />
      </div>
    </section>
  </div>
</template>
<script lang="ts" setup>
import {
  useStatisDeviceByUserObject,
} from "./hooks";
// 设备分类计算
const { options: statisDeviceByUserObjectOpts,selectchanged,handleChartClick } = useStatisDeviceByUserObject();
</script>

/hooks/useStatisDeviceByUserObject.ts

export const useStatisDeviceByUserObject = () => {
  // 运用chartsOptions确保一切传入v-charts组件的options数据都是## shallowReactive浅层作用方式，防止很多数据导致功能问题
  const options = chartsOptions<BarECOption>({
    yAxis: {},
    xAxis: {},
    series: []
  });
  const init = async () => {
    const xData = [];
    const sData = [];
    const dicts = useHashMapDics<["dev_user_object"]>(["dev_user_object"]);
    const data = await statisDeviceByUserObject();
    dicts.dictionaryMap.dev_user_object.forEach(({ label, value }) => {
      if (value === "6") return; // 扫除其他
      xData.push(label);
      const temp = data.find(({ name }) => name === value);
      sData.push(temp?.qty || 0);
      // 给options赋值时要留意options是浅层呼应式
      options.xAxis = { data: xData }; 
      options.series = [{ ...options.series[0], data: sData }];
    });
  };
  // 事情
  const selectchanged = (params: ChartsEvents.Events["selectchanged"]) => {
    console.log(params, "选中图例了");
  };
  const handleChartClick = (params: ChartsEvents.Events["chartClick"]) => {
    console.log(params, "点击了图表");
  };
  onMounted(() => {
    init();
  });
  return {
    options，
    selectchanged,
    handleChartClick
  };
};

运用时输入@可以看到组件支撑的一切事情：

vue3中echarts组件的最佳封装方式

  • 完好demo